Disconnect means: location, type, locking, and position marking
NEC 235.352 A building/structure disconnect must be readily accessible (or linked to one), break all ungrounded conductors at once, lock open, and clearly show on/off — with an 'up = on' handle rule for vertical switches.
Q1 NEC 235.352
Which disconnecting means is NOT required to follow the 'up = on' rule for vertically operated handles?
- A A single-throw safety switch feeding one building
- B Any disconnect rated over 400 amperes
- C A double-throw switch with more than one 'on' position
- D A fused disconnect switch mounted vertically outdoors
Show answer & explanation
Correct: C — A double-throw switch with more than one 'on' position
235.352(E) exempts switching devices with more than one 'on' position, such as a double-throw switch, from the up-is-on requirement. Ordinary single-throw switches — regardless of ampere rating or outdoor mounting — must still follow the rule.
Required servicing receptacle for HVAC/refrigeration and other equipment
NEC 235.63 HVAC, refrigeration, and certain other electrical equipment need a dedicated 125V, 15- or 20-amp receptacle within 25 ft for service technicians, and it can't be fed from the load side of that equipment's own disconnect.
Q2 NEC 235.63
A rooftop air-conditioning unit requires a servicing receptacle under 235.63(A). Which power source for that receptacle violates the rule?
- A A general-purpose 125-volt branch circuit unrelated to the AC unit
- B A branch circuit fed ahead of the AC unit's disconnecting means
- C A dedicated 20-amp circuit run specifically for the receptacle
- D A branch circuit tapped from the load side of the AC unit's disconnecting means
Show answer & explanation
Correct: D — A branch circuit tapped from the load side of the AC unit's disconnecting means
235.63(A) specifically prohibits connecting the required receptacle to the load side of the equipment's branch-circuit disconnecting means, since that would de-energize the receptacle exactly when a technician has shut the unit down to work on it. Feeding it from any other circuit, dedicated or general-purpose, is acceptable.
Permissible loads by ampere rating on multiple-outlet branch circuits
NEC 235.23 A multiple-outlet branch circuit's ampere rating sets a tier of allowed loads, and cord-and-plug or fastened equipment sharing that circuit is capped at 80% or 50% of the rating.
Q3 NEC 235.23
A 20-ampere multiple-outlet branch circuit supplies both lighting units and a cord-and-plug-connected shop tool not fastened in place. What is the maximum permitted rating of that tool?
- A 20 A, the full circuit rating
- B 10 A, which is 50% of the circuit rating
- C 12 A, which is 60% of the circuit rating
- D 16 A, which is 80% of the circuit rating
Show answer & explanation
Correct: D — 16 A, which is 80% of the circuit rating
Per 235.23(A)(1), a cord-and-plug-connected utilization equipment not fastened in place cannot exceed 80% of the branch-circuit rating — 16 A on a 20 A circuit. The 50% figure is the cap for fastened-in-place equipment under 235.23(A)(2), not cord-and-plug loads, so it's a common mix-up but doesn't apply here.
Identifying grounded, grounding, and ungrounded branch-circuit conductors
NEC 235.5 Grounded and equipment grounding conductors follow the standard 200.6 and 250.119 marking rules; ungrounded conductors need extra identification only when multiple voltage systems or high-voltage DC is involved.
Q4 NEC 235.5
A building has branch circuits fed from two different nominal voltage systems. Per 235.5(C)(1), what triggers the requirement to identify ungrounded conductors by phase and voltage at terminations, connections, and splices?
- A The premises having branch circuits from more than one nominal voltage system
- B Any circuit rated above 20 amperes
- C Any circuit supplying more than one panelboard
- D Any branch circuit longer than 100 feet
Show answer & explanation
Correct: A — The premises having branch circuits from more than one nominal voltage system
235.5(C)(1) applies specifically when the premises wiring has branch circuits supplied from more than one nominal voltage system — that condition, not circuit length, panelboard count, or ampacity, is what triggers the phase/voltage identification requirement.
Identifying ungrounded conductors across multiple voltage/DC systems
NEC 235.212(C)(1) When feeders share a premises with more than one voltage system, or come from a high-voltage DC system, every ungrounded conductor must be identified at each termination and the method posted at the panelboard.
Q5 NEC 235.212(C)(1)
A building has feeders supplied from two different nominal voltage systems. What does 235.212(C)(1) require for each ungrounded feeder conductor?
- A Identification by phase or line and system at all termination, connection, and splice points
- B No identification is required if the systems are in separate panelboards
- C A continuous red or black outer finish depending on polarity
- D Identification only at the main service disconnect
Show answer & explanation
Correct: A — Identification by phase or line and system at all termination, connection, and splice points
235.212(C)(1) requires each ungrounded conductor of a feeder to be identified by phase/line and system at every termination, connection, and splice point, not just at one location. The red/black polarity scheme belongs to DC systems under 235.212(C)(2), not multi-voltage AC feeders, and separate panelboards don't remove the marking requirement.
Overcurrent protection for branch-circuit conductors and equipment
NEC 235.20 Size the overcurrent device for noncontinuous load plus 125% of continuous load, unless the whole assembly is listed for 100% operation.
Q6 NEC 235.20
A branch circuit supplies a mix of continuous and noncontinuous loads. Under the general rule, how must the overcurrent device be sized?
- A Not less than the sum of the continuous and noncontinuous loads, with no additional factor
- B Not less than the continuous load plus 125% of the noncontinuous load
- C Not less than the noncontinuous load plus 125% of the continuous load
- D Not less than 125% of the combined continuous and noncontinuous load
Show answer & explanation
Correct: C — Not less than the noncontinuous load plus 125% of the continuous load
Per 235.20(A), the general rule applies the 125% factor only to the continuous load, then adds the noncontinuous load at 100%. Applying 125% to the whole combined load, or applying it to the noncontinuous portion instead, misreads which load gets the extra margin. The no-factor option is only valid under the 100%-listed-assembly exception, not the general rule.
Pre-energization design testing and acceptance report for protective systems
NEC 235.356(A) Before a substation-type system is energized, its full protective and control design must be tested by actual operation and the results delivered to the AHJ in a written report.
Q7 NEC 235.356(A)
Under 235.356(A), how must each protective, switching, and control circuit be verified before a system is placed in service?
- A By a visual inspection of terminations and wiring labels
- B By tested actual operation, such as current injection, confirming each circuit functions correctly
- C By simulation software modeling the protective scheme
- D By reviewing the manufacturer's factory test certificates only
Show answer & explanation
Correct: B — By tested actual operation, such as current injection, confirming each circuit functions correctly
235.356(A) requires each circuit to be adjusted per the design and tested by actual operation, using current injection or an equivalent method, to the AHJ's satisfaction. Paper certificates, visual checks, and software modeling don't substitute for demonstrating real operation.
Sizing branch-circuit conductors over 1000 volts
NEC 235.19 Over-1000-volt branch-circuit conductors need ampacity at 125% of the simultaneous load, unless the installation is engineer-supervised with documented qualified staff.
Q8 NEC 235.19
Under 235.19(A), how is the minimum ampacity of branch-circuit conductors in a general (non-supervised) over-1000-volt installation determined?
- A Ampacity determined solely by engineering judgment
- B 125% of the continuous load plus 100% of the noncontinuous load
- C 125% of the designed potential load of equipment operated simultaneously
- D 100% of the connected load with no adjustment
Show answer & explanation
Correct: C — 125% of the designed potential load of equipment operated simultaneously
235.19(A) sets a single flat multiplier: 125% of the designed potential load of simultaneously operated equipment. The continuous-plus-noncontinuous split is the familiar formula for circuits under 1000 volts, not this article, and pure engineering judgment is only permitted under the supervised-installation path in 235.19(B).
Sizing the disconnect rating and conductors for >1000V outside circuits
NEC 235.339 On over-1000-volt branch circuits and feeders, the disconnect must be rated to the Article 220 calculated load, and conductors size under 235.19 — not the standard tables.
Q9 NEC 235.339 Code lookup
A crew is sizing the disconnecting means for a 4160V feeder supplying a substation. They've already calculated the load per Article 220. Which section specifies the minimum rating requirement for this disconnect based on that calculated load?
- A 235.352
- B 235.339
- C 235.360
- D 235.351
Show answer & explanation
Correct: B — 235.339
235.339 requires the feeder or branch-circuit disconnecting means to be rated not less than the calculated load per Article 220. 235.352 covers disconnecting means requirements like location and type, not rating; 235.351 covers isolating switches; 235.360 covers roadway/walkway clearances — none address minimum disconnect rating.
Sizing feeder conductors over 1000V (transformers, utilization equipment, supervised installations)
NEC 235.202 Over 1000V feeders sized for transformers alone need only match total nameplate ampacity; add utilization equipment and the load side gets a 125% bump, unless a supervised installation lets qualified engineers set the size instead.
Q10 NEC 235.202 Code lookup
A 480V feeder over 1000 volts supplies two dry-type transformers only, no other utilization equipment connected. Which section establishes how the feeder ampacity must be sized relative to the transformer nameplates?
- A 235.203
- B 235.202(C)
- C 235.202(B)
- D 235.202(A)
Show answer & explanation
Correct: D — 235.202(A)
235.202(A) governs feeders supplying only transformers, requiring ampacity not less than the sum of the transformer nameplate ratings. 235.202(B) is the closest distractor but only applies when the feeder also serves utilization equipment directly, and 235.203 covers overcurrent protection, not conductor sizing.
Feeder equipment grounding conductor requirements
NEC 235.206 A feeder must carry its own equipment grounding conductor whenever its branch circuits require one, and every branch-circuit EGC connects to that feeder EGC.
Q11 NEC 235.206
Per 235.206, under what condition must a feeder include or provide an equipment grounding conductor?
- A Only when the feeder supplies exclusively motor loads
- B When the feeder supplies branch circuits that require equipment grounding conductors
- C Only when the feeder's overcurrent device is rated above 100 amperes
- D Only when the feeder is installed in a location subject to physical damage
Show answer & explanation
Correct: B — When the feeder supplies branch circuits that require equipment grounding conductors
235.206 conditions the feeder EGC requirement on whether the branch circuits it supplies require equipment grounding conductors — there's no ampere-rating threshold, physical-damage trigger, or motor-load-only trigger in this section.
HV Service Overcurrent Protection Sizing Rules
NEC 235.408 On over-1000-volt services, fuses can run up to 3x conductor ampacity and breakers up to 6x, and the 80% continuous-load derate doesn't apply.
Q12 NEC 235.408
A circuit breaker is being selected to provide short-circuit protection for service conductors on a 4160-volt system. Per 235.408, what is the maximum allowable trip setting relative to the conductor ampacity?
- A Three times the conductor ampacity
- B Six times the conductor ampacity
- C 125 percent of the conductor ampacity
- D 80 percent of the conductor ampacity
Show answer & explanation
Correct: B — Six times the conductor ampacity
235.408 permits a circuit breaker trip setting of not more than six times the conductor ampacity for high-voltage service protection. Three times ampacity is the limit that applies to fuses, not breakers, and 125%/80% are low-voltage continuous-load figures that don't govern here.
Tapping ungrounded circuits from grounded systems
NEC 235.10 You can tap a two-wire DC or multiwire ungrounded AC circuit from a grounded-neutral system, but every switch in that tapped circuit needs a pole in each ungrounded conductor.
Q13 NEC 235.10
An electrician taps a two-wire dc circuit from the ungrounded conductors of a system that has a grounded neutral. What does 235.10 require of the switching device in the tapped circuit?
- A A pole in the grounded neutral conductor only
- B No switching device is required if the tap is less than 10 ft
- C A pole in each ungrounded conductor of the tapped circuit
- D A single pole is sufficient since the neutral is already grounded
Show answer & explanation
Correct: C — A pole in each ungrounded conductor of the tapped circuit
235.10 requires switching devices in the tapped circuit to have a pole in each ungrounded conductor. Switching only one ungrounded conductor, switching the grounded neutral, or assuming a length exception all misstate the rule — 235.10 has no length-based exception for switching.
Determining the minimum number of branch circuits
NEC 235.11 You need enough branch circuits, at whatever amp rating you pick, to carry the total calculated load — no fixed circuit count exists independent of the load.
Q14 NEC 235.11 Code lookup
A shop addition has a calculated branch-circuit load that doesn't divide evenly across standard circuit ratings. The designer needs the rule stating that however many circuits are used, they must add up to enough capacity to carry the whole calculated load — which section governs?
- A 235.19(A)
- B 235.11
- C 235.20(A)
- D 235.22
Show answer & explanation
Correct: B — 235.11
235.11 is the general rule that the number of branch circuits must be sufficient to supply the total calculated load. 235.19(A) instead sets minimum conductor ampacity/size once circuits are chosen, and 235.20(A) sets overcurrent device sizing for continuous/noncontinuous loads — neither addresses how many circuits are needed.
Conductor clearances over buildings and other structures
NEC 235.361 Conductors over buildings and other structures must meet the minimum clearances in Table 235.361(A), increased 10 mm per kV over 22 kV.
Q15 NEC 235.361 Code lookup
A crew is running open supply conductors rated 13.8 kV to ground directly over a warehouse roof. Which section provides the minimum vertical clearance table for conductors passing over buildings at this voltage?
- A 235.352(A)
- B 235.360(A)
- C 235.361(B)
- D 235.361(A)
Show answer & explanation
Correct: D — 235.361(A)
235.361(A) hosts Table 235.361(A), which gives clearances over buildings and other structures for conductors 22 kV or less to ground. 235.360(A) looks similar but governs clearances over roadways, walkways, rail, water, and open land, not over buildings.
Conductor clearances over roadways, walkways, rail, water, and open land
NEC 235.360 Table 235.360(A) sets minimum clearances for conductors up to 22 kV to ground over roadways, rail, water, and open land; above 22 kV, add 10 mm (0.4 in.) per kV over 22, and unusual crossings get an engineered design.
Q16 NEC 235.360
A line operates at 34 kV to ground, crossing open land. How should the required clearance be determined?
- A Treat it as a special case requiring an AHJ-approved engineered design under 235.360(C)
- B Use the Table 235.360(A) value directly with no adjustment, since it already covers all voltages
- C Add 10 mm (0.4 in.) per kV for the full 34 kV, not just the amount above 22 kV
- D Take the Table 235.360(A) value and add 10 mm (0.4 in.) per kV above 22 kV
Show answer & explanation
Correct: D — Take the Table 235.360(A) value and add 10 mm (0.4 in.) per kV above 22 kV
Per 235.360(B), clearances from Table 235.360(A) get increased by 10 mm (0.4 in.) per kV, or major fraction thereof, only for the amount more than 22 kV — here that's 12 kV worth of adder, not the full 34 kV. Table 235.360(A) alone only covers up to 22 kV, and this is a routine voltage case, not the unusual-crossing special case in 235.360(C).
Identifying grounded, EGC, and ungrounded feeder conductors
NEC 235.212 Every feeder conductor type — grounded, equipment grounding, and ungrounded — has its own required identification method, and 235.212 just points you to the general rule for each.
Q17 NEC 235.212 Code lookup
An electrician is landing an insulated equipment grounding conductor for a feeder in a panelboard and needs to confirm the correct identification color/marking scheme for that conductor. Which section applies?
- A 235.212(A)
- B 235.206
- C 235.212(C)
- D 235.212(B)
Show answer & explanation
Correct: D — 235.212(B)
235.212(B) points to the identification rules for the equipment grounding conductor of a feeder (per 250.119). 235.206 covers sizing of the feeder EGC, not its identification, 235.212(A) governs the grounded (neutral) conductor, and 235.212(C) governs ungrounded conductors — neither addresses EGC marking.
Feeder diagrams required by the AHJ
NEC 235.205 If the AHJ requires a feeder diagram, it must show square footage served, load before and after demand factors, the demand factors used, and conductor size and type.
Q18 NEC 235.205
Under 235.205, when is a diagram of feeder details required before installation?
- A Only on feeders sized 400A or larger
- B Whenever a feeder serves more than one building
- C Whenever the feeder supplies a healthcare facility
- D Only if the authority having jurisdiction requires it
Show answer & explanation
Correct: D — Only if the authority having jurisdiction requires it
235.205 makes the diagram requirement conditional entirely on the AHJ asking for one — there's no size, occupancy, or multi-building trigger written into the section itself.
Overcurrent protection required for feeders
NEC 235.203 Every feeder in a system over 1000 volts AC (or 1500 volts DC) must be protected against overcurrent — 235.203 states this with no exceptions.
Q19 NEC 235.203 Code lookup
A 240-volt feeder in a supervised industrial installation is being installed under Article 235's supervised installation provisions. The feeder must be protected against overcurrent — which section states this requirement?
- A 235.202(C)
- B 235.351
- C 235.203
- D 235.202
Show answer & explanation
Correct: C — 235.203
235.203 is the standalone rule stating that feeders shall be protected against overcurrent. 235.202 (and its subsection 235.202(C)) covers minimum rating and size of feeder conductors, not the overcurrent protection requirement itself.